Abantu bane bakurikiranywe n’inzego z’ubutabera ku byaha bijyanye no gukoresha hamwe no gutunda drones mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Umwe muri bo ni Mutimura Abed uzwi nka AB Godwin mu gufata no gutunganya amashusho y’indirimbo z’abahanzi na sinema.
Mu kiganiro na IGIHE, Umuvugizi wa RIB, Murangira B. Thierry, Dr. Murangira B. Thierry, yavuze ko hari abafashwe hagati ya tariki 3-8 Gicurasi 2023 ndetse dosiye zabo zashyikirijwe Ubushinjacyaha bushobora no kuba bwaramaze kuziregera Urukiko.
Abafashwe barimo Dusabeyezu Gilbert wafatanywe Drone imwe na Mutimura Abed uzwi nka AB Godwin mu gutunganya indirimbo z’abahanzi wafatanywe drones ebyiri.
Harimo kandi Rugina Mussa wafatanywe drone imwe na Muhamad Sentongo wafatanywe ebyiri, aba bombi bakaba bazwi mu gufata amashusho ya sinema no kuyatunganya.
Bisobanuye ko abafashwe bose uko ari bane bafatanywe drones esheshatu.
Uko ari bane bakurikiranyweho ibyaha birimo gukoresha indege itarimo umupilote nta ruhushya, gutunga indege itarimo umupilote itanditse no kutagaragaza ikirango cy’iyandikisha ry’indege itagira umupilote.
Ibi byaha bihanwa n’itegeko ryo muri Mata 2018 rigena amabwiriza mu by’indege za gisivile.
Mu ngingo ya 99 y’iri tegeko, ivuga ko umuntu ukoresha ‘drone’ atabifitiye uburenganzira aba akoze icyaha. Iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka itatu ariko kitarenze imyaka itanu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda atari munsi ya miliyoni 5 Frw ariko atarenze miliyoni 10 Frw.
Mu ngingo ya 104 ho bavuga ku muntu utunze indege itagira umupilote itanditse aba akoze icyaha bityo ko iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko, ahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo kitari munsi y’amezi atatu ariko kitarenze amezi atandatu n’ihazabu itari munsi ya miliyoni 1 Frw ariko atarenze miliyoni 2 Frw cyangwa kimwe muri ibi bihano.
Ni mu gihe mu ngingo ya 105 ho bagaragaza ko nyir’indege itarimo umupilote utagaragaza ku buryo bugaragara ikirango cy’iyandikisha cy’iyo ndege cyatanzwe n’ikigo kibishinzwe, aba akoze icyaha.
Iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko ahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo kitari munsi y’ukwezi ariko kitarenze amezi ibiri n’ihazabu itari munsi y’ibihumbi 500 Frw ariko itarenze miliyoni 1 Frw cyangwa kimwe gusa muri ibyo bihano.
Dr. Murangira B. Thierry yavuze ko gutunga drone ari uburenganzira bwa buri wese ubishoboye gusa bigakorwa hakurikijwe amategeko, asaba ufite itanditse kuyijyana kuri ‘Rwanda Civil Aviation Authority’ bakamuha uburenganzira.
Ati “Urebye abantu bo mu bijyanye filime n’umuziki nibo bafite ‘drones’ zitanditse, turabasaba ko bakwihuta kuri ‘Rwanda Civil Aviation Authority’ bakabafasha kuzandikisha bitabaye ngombwa ko tubageraho, bityo birinde ibihano biremereye bahura nabyo mu gihe bazifatanwa.”
Ku rundi ruhande ariko Dr. Murangira B. Thierry yasabye buri wese ko mbere yo kwinjira mu mwuga uwo ariwo wose akwiye kubanza kumenya amategeko awugenga.
Ati “Abafashwe bose mu ibazwa ryabo bavugaga ko batazi amategeko agenga gukoresha drones. Ubutumwa twakura muri ibi ni uko kutamenya amategeko bitaba urwitwazo rwatuma udakurikiranwa mu butabera, inama twajya ni inshingano za buri wese kumenya amategeko mbere yo kwinjira mu bucuruzi.”
Aho ibintu bigeze iterambere riri gufata indi ntera ku isi yose ndetse by’umwihariko no mu Rwanda aho iyo ugereranije no mu myaka yashize usanga u Rwanda ruri kwihuta mu iterambere cyane cyane mu ikoranabuhanga.
Ibikoresho byakoreshwaga cyera byarahindutse haje ibishya kandi bigezweho, gusa uko biba byiza ni nako bihenda ndetse n’amategeko yabyo akagenda yiyongera ku bijyanye no gutunga ibyo bikoresho bitewe n’ingamba za Leta ku ngaruka icyo gikoresho gishobora guteza ku buzima bw’igihugu.
Tuve muri ayo, twivugire ku ndege zitagira aba Pilote zizwi nka Drones, ushobora kuba warayibonyeho kuko zisigaye zifashishwa mu gutanga amaraso aho byari bigoye kuyahageza, zifashishwa kandi mu gutera imiti yica udukoko mu mirima no mu bishanga, Drone kandi zifashishwa mu bikorwa byo gufotora no gufata amashusho.
Nubwo bimeze uko ariko usanga Drone ziri mu gihugu wazibara zitanageze muri 50, ibi si ukubera ko zihenda ahubwo ingamba Leta yashizeho ku kuyitunga no kuyigurutsa hano mu Rwanda. Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe indege za gisivile (RCAA) ni cyo gifite mu nshingano ibijyanye no gutunga drone mu Rwanda kandi ntabwo ipfa gutungwa nubonetse wese hano mu Rwanda.
Iki kigo nicyo gishinzwe igenzura, iyandikwa n’ikurikirana ry’imikorere n’imikoreshereze ya Drones mu Rwanda.
Dore zimwe mu mpamvu bigoye gutunga no kugurutsa Drone hano mu Rwanda:
Nta munyamahanga wemerewe kwandikwaho Drone
Mu mabwiriza ya RCAA, nta drone n’imwe igomba kuba ku butaka bw’u Rwanda itandikishijwe. Kuyandikisha bivuze kumenya nyirayo, ubwoko bwayo, ibyo ikora n’ibindi. Bimwe mu by’ingenzi uyandikisha agomba kuba afite ni uko agomba kuba ari Umunyarwanda cyangwa ufite icyemezo cyo kuhatura afite imyaka 18 gusubiza hejuru.
Nta munyamahanga wemerewe kwandikwaho Drones mu Rwanda icyakora ashobora kwifashisha umwenegihugu (Umunyarwanda). Guverinoma y’u Rwanda cyangwa kimwe mu bigo byayo nabyo byemerewe kwandikwaho Drones. Icyangombwa cyo gutunga Drones kiboneka mu byumweru bine uhereye igihe cyasabiwe. Kukibona bisaba kwishyura ibihumbi 110 by’amanyarwanda.
Hari ubwoko bwa Drones bwemewe
RCAA igaragaza ko kugeza ubu ubwoko bwa drones zemerewe gukoreshwa mu Rwanda ari izifata amashusho, izikoreshwa mu buhinzi, izifashishwa mu butabazi cyangwa gutwara ibintu byihutirwa, izikoreshwa mu bushakashatsi, izikoreshwa mu burezi, n’izikoreshwa mu kwinezeza.
Kwandikisha sosiyete ya Drones no kuyigurutsa birishyurwa
Igihe umaze kwandikisha drone yawe ntibivuze ko ugiye gutangira kuyigurutsa uko wishakiye n’aho ushatse kuko kuyigurutsa nabyo bisabirwa uburenganzira. Kwemererwa kugurutsa Drones mu gikorwa runaka nabyo byakirwa uburenganzira ndetse bikishyurwa hagati y’amadolari atanu na 70 bitewe n’ubwoko bw’ikigiye gukorwa.
Ugurutsa Drones nawe si ubonetse wese kuko agomba kuba yarabyize kandi abifitiye uruhushya rutangwa nyuma yo kwishyura amadolari 50. Mu gihe umuntu yaguze Drones zo kwifashisha nka sosiyete y’ubucuruzi, abyakira icyangombwa yishyura amadolari 500. Icyo cyangombwa kimara amezi 12.
Kubw’umutekano, ushobora gusabwa izindi mpushya
Uretse uruhushya rutangwa na RCAA, umuntu ukoresha Drones ashobora gusabwa izindi mpushya zitangwa n’izindi nzego bitewe n’impamvu runaka. Mu nzego zindi zishobora kubyinjiramo harimo Polisi y’Igihugu n’Ingabo z’Igihugu (RDF) by’umwihariko mu gihe ari indege zifata amafoto cyangwa zigiye kugurutswa mu duce twihariye tutemewemo ko hagurutswa indege.
Urwego rushinzwe imirimo imwe n’imwe ifitiye igihugu akamaro (RURA) narwo rushobora gutanga uburenganzira kugira ngo Drones itaza guteza ikibazo cy’ihuzanzira n’ibindi bikoresho bikoresha amajwi cyangwa amashusho (radio frequencies).
Hari metero drone itagomba kurenga igihe iguruka
Mu mabwiriza, nta wemerewe kugurutsa Drone ngo igendere hejuru ya metero ijana uvuye ku butaka. Nta weremerewe kandi gutwara drone ngo irenge metero 300 uvuye aho aherereye, kimwe n’uko nta drone yemerewe kuguruka ipima ibilo birenze 25.
Nta Drone yemerewe kugenda nijoro
Bitandukanye n’izindi ndege zisanzwe, ntabwo Drone yemerewe kuguruka mu masaha y’ijoro mu kirere cy’u Rwanda kubera impamvu z’umutekano waba uwayo, uw’abaturage n’uw’igihugu muri rusange cyakora nk’izitanga amaraso kwa muganga zagenda nijoro arko nabyo biba byamenyeshejwe inzego zibishinzwe. Nta Drone kandi yemerewe kugenda ku muvuduko w’ibirometero birenze 100 ku isaha cyangwa ngo iguruke ahantu hari urujya n’uruza rw’abantu, ibinyabiziga, inyamaswa, inzu n’ibindi bitari muri gahunda y’ibyo Drone iri gukora.
Kuyitangira ubwishingizi bugera kuri miliyari y’Amanyarwanda
Nta Drone yemerewe kuguruka mu kirere cy’u Rwanda idafite ubwishingizi. Umuntu wese utwara akadege katagira umupilote asabwa gutanga ubwishingizi butari munsi ya miliyoni imwe y’amadolari yo kwirengera ingaruka zishobora guterwa n’imikorere y’iyi ndege.
Hamagara Polisi igihe drone iguye iwawe
Nk’izindi ndege zose, Drone ishobora kugira impanuka. Bijya bibaho ko yagwa mu rugo rw’umuntu cyangwa mu murima we mu gihe igize impanuka dore ko iba igendera hafi cyane. RCAA itanga inama ko ubonye Drone ikoze impanuka ari ngombwa guhamagara kuri sitasiyo ya Polisi iri hafi.
Hari uduce Drones zitemewe kugurukamo
Uretse ku kibuga cy’indege bibujijwe, RCAA igaragaza ko Drone hari utundi duce itemerewe kugurukamo bitewe n’impamvu zitandukanye zirimo n’umutekano. Aho harimo ahakorerwa imyitozo ya gisirikare, ahandi hantu hateye nabi cyangwa hashyira abantu mu byago, ahantu hagoye kuhagurutsa indege, mu nzi z’izindi ndege, ahari ibikorwa bya siporo cyangwa byo kwishimisha, ahantu hari inyoni cyangwa izindi nyamaswa.
Amande akakaye igihe wishe amabwiriza
Gukoresha drone binyuranyije n’amabwiriza birahanirwa. Urugero nk’ufashwe ayikoresha itandikishije, acibwa miliyoni 20 Frw, ndetse akaba yagezwa mu nkiko ku bindi byaha yaba yakoze.
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