Nyuma y’imyaka 19, kuri uyu wa 13 Nyakanaga 2024 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika hongeye kumvikana inkuru ishitura umutima y’igitero ku munyapolitiki wiyamamariza umwanya w’Umukuru w’Igihugu.
Donald Trump, umunyapolitiki uhatanira umwanya w’Umukuru w’Igihugu yaraye arashwe n’umusore w’imyaka 20 witwa Thomas Matthew Crooks, ubwo yari mu gace ka Butler muri Leta ya Pennsylvania, akomereka ugutwi kw’iburyo.
Abo mu nzego zishinzwe umutekano n’abashinzwe ibikorwa byo kwamamaza Trump batangaje ko nyuma yo guhungishwa, ubu ameze neza. Bisobanuye ko azakomeza guhatana na Perezida Biden ku mwanya w’Umukuru w’Igihugu.
Trump wabaye Perezida wa Amerika wa 45 yiyongereye ku rutonde rw’abaperezida cyangwa abakandida bahatanira umwanya w’Umukuru w’Igihugu bagabweho igitero. Abenshi muri bo barasiwe mu ruhame, hagati mu baturage, icyakoze Crooks na benshi muri bagenzi be na bo barishwe.
Inkuru y’incamugongo nk’iyi ku muryango w’Umukuru w’Igihugu, uw’umukandida no ku Banyamerika muri rusange yatangiriye kuri Abraham Lincoln wabaye Perezida wa 16 wa Amerika.
Hari tariki ya 14 Mata 1865, Lincoln warebaga umukino w’urwenya i Washington DC yarashwe n’uwitwaga John Wilkes Booth. Uyu munyapolitiki yaravuwe ariko ntibyagira icyo bitanga kuko yaje gupfa ku munsi wakurikiyeho. Booth yaje gufatirwa muri Virginia nyuma y’iminsi 12, aricwa.
Muri Nzeri 1881, James Garfield wabaye Perezida wa Amerika wa 20, yarashwe ubwo yanyuraga kuri sitasiyo ya gariyamoshi i Washington DC. Nyuma y’icyumweru, yishwe n’ibikomere. Charles Guiteau wamwishe yanyonzwe mu 1882.
Mu 1901, William McKinley wabaye Perezida wa 25 wa Amerika yarashwe ubwo yari amaze kugeza ijambo ku baturage muri New York, yicwa n’igikomere cy’isasu nyuma y’iminsi umunani. Umusore witwaga Leon Czolgosz yemeye ko ari we wamurashe, na we anyogwa nyuma y’ibyumweru bike.
Mu 1912, Theodore Roosevelt wabaye Perezida wa Amerika wa 26 yarashwe ubwo yimamarizaga kongera kuyiyobora, mu mujyi wa Milwaukee, Leta ya Wisconcin. Isasu yarashwe mu gituza ryamugumyemo kugeza ubwo yapfaga mu 1909.
Franklin Roosevelt wabaye Perezida wa Amerika wa 32 mu 1933 yarashweho n’umwimukira w’Umutaliyani, Giuseppe Zangara, ubwo yari mu mujyi wa Miami muri Leta ya Florida gusa isasu ryafashe Anton Cermark wari Meya wa Chicago, ahasiga ubuzima.
Mu 1964, John Kennedy wabaye Perezida wa Amerika wa 35 yarashwe ubwo yari mu modoka i Dallas muri Leta ya Texas, apfa nyuma y’amasaha make. Lee Harvey Oswald wamurashe na we yarashwe na nyir’akabyiniro witwa Jack Ruby, ubwo yatabwaga muri yombi.
Robert Kennedy wahataniraga kuba umukandida w’ishyaka ry’aba-Democrates ku mwanya w’Umukuru w’Igihugu, mu 1968 yishwe n’uwitwaga Sirhan Sirhan ubwo yari amaze kuvuga ijambo ry’intsindi muri Leta ya California. Sirhan yabanje gukatirwa igihano cy’urupfu, kiza guhindurwa icya burundu, kugeza ubu aracyafunzwe.
Mu 1972, George Wallace yarashwe amasasu ane ubwo yahataniraga kandidatire ku mwanya w’Umukuru w’Igihugu mu ishyaka ry’aba-Democrates, muri Leta ya Maryland. Byamuviriyemo indwara yo kugagara kugeza ku rupfu rwe. Arthur Bremer wamurashe yarafunzwe, afungurwa mu 2007.
Gerald Ford wabaye Perezida wa Amerika wa 38 mu 1975, yarashweho na Lynetre Fromme ubwo yari mu mujyi wa Sacramento, arongera araswaho na Sarah Jane Moore muri San Francisco nyuma y’iminsi 17, gusa ntacyo yabaye. Aba bagore bakatiwe igifungo cya burundu.
Mu 1981, Ronald Reagan wabaye Perezida wa Amerika wa 40 yarashwe na John Hinckley ubwo yari amaze kugeza ijambo ku baturage i Washington DC, ararokoka nubwo igihaha cy’ibumoso cyangiritse. Hinckley ntabwo yahamijwe icyaha kuko byagaragaye ko afite uburwayi bwo mu mutwe.
Bill Clinton wabaye Perezida wa Amerika wa 42 yarashweho na Martin Duran ubwo yari mu ngoro y’Umukuru w’Igihugu, White House, mu 1994, gusa ntacyo yabaye. Duran yarafashwe, ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 40, azira kugerageza kwica Clinton.
Uwaherukaga kugabwaho igitero ni George W Bush wabaye Perezida wa Amerika wa 43. Mu 2005, Bush wari witabiriye igikorwa cyo kwamamaza Mikhail Saakashvili muri Goergia yatewe gerenade na Vladimir Arutyunian, ariko ku bw’amahirwe ntiyaturitse. Arutyunian yakatiwe igifungo cya burundu.
Guhera kuri George Washington wayoboye Amerika kuva muri Mata 1789, iki gihugu kimaze kuyoborwa n’abantu 46. Uriho ubu, Joe Biden ashaka kongera guhatanira na Trump umwanya w’Umukuru w’Igihugu mu Ugushyingo 2024.
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