Muri Gashyantare 2023 nibwo Inteko Rusange y’Umutwe w’Abadepite yatoye itegeko rigena imikoreshereze y’umubiri w’umuntu n’ibiwukomokaho ku mpamvu z’ubuvuzi, kwigisha cyangwa ubuhanga.
Kuva muri Gicurasi 2023, ibikorwa byo gukura ingingo mu mubiri byatangiye gukorwa mu Bitaro byitiriwe Umwami Faisal ndetse abantu 32 bamaze gusimburizwa impyiko mu 2023 kuva icyo gihe bose baherewe izo ngingo mu Rwanda kandi byagenze neza.
Iteka rya Minisitiri w’Ubuzima ryerekeye uburyo bw’imikoreshereze y’umubiri w’umuntu, ingingo, ingirangingo, uturemangingo n’ibikomoka mu mubiri, ryasohotse tariki 12 Nyakanga 2024 rigena ibigomba kwitabwaho ngo itegeko ryubahirizwe.
Iri teka rigaragaza ko umuntu ukiri muzima utanga ku bushake urugingo, ingirangingo, akaremangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri we ari utanga mu buryo bw’irage akiriho ku bushake umubiri, urugingo, ingirangingo, akaremangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri we.
Ikindi ni uko umubiri w’umuntu wapfuye utangwa n’abagize umuryango we, kugira ngo hakoreshwe umubiri we, urugingo, ingirangingo, akaremangingo cyangwa ibikomoka muri uwo mubiri.
Icyakora umubiri w’umuntu wapfuye wabuze bene wo ukoreshwa uko wakabaye cyangwa ugakurwaho urugingo, ingirangingo, akaremangingo cyangwa ibiwukomokamo.
Muri iryo teka harimo ko ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu bishobora kugurishwa. Ibigurishwa ni igice cy’amaraso cy’umuhondo werurutse gisigara iyo amaraso avanywemo insoro zitukura, izera, udufashi n’ibindi bice bigize uturemangingo ibizwi nk’umushongi.
Icyakora kugira ngo hamenyekane ingano y’amaraso yafashwe n’iy’umushongi wakuwe mu muntu ikigo gitanga serivisi zo gusimbuza no kuvana mu mubiri w’umuntu, gishyikiriza Minisiteri w’Ubuzima (Minisante), raporo yanditse y’ingano y’amaraso yafashwe, iy’umushongi wakuwemo, hakagaragazwa ukenewe mu bigo by’ubuvuzi n’usaguka.
Nyuma yo gusesengura iyo raporo Minisiteri y’Ubuzima iha icyo kigo uburenganzira bwo kugurisha umushongi wasagutse ariko na byo bikagira amabwiriza abigenga.
Kugira ngo ugurishwe, icyo kigo cyandikira Minisante kigaragaza ubushake bwo kugurisha umushongi, na yo ikabusesengura, hanyuma bikemezwa cyangwa bikangwa bitewe n’impamvu runaka.
Iyo cyemerewe kigenzura niba umushongi wujuje ubuziranenge bwose bukenewe cyasanga nta makemwa kikagirana amasezerano y’imikoranire n’uwifuza kuwugura.
Mu gihe umushongi w’umuntu ugomba koherezwa mu mahanga ikigo cyabyemerewe gisaba Misante uruhushya mu nyandiko kugira ngo gihabwe uburenganzi.
Ni mu gihe igiciro cy’umushongi kibarirwa 50$ (arenga ibihumbi 65 Frw y’ubu) nibura kuri litiro imwe yawo.
Umushongi ufasha uwawuhawe mu nzira nyinshi nko kongerera umubiri we ubudahangarwa, kwirinda indwara mu gihe uwe wari warazahajwe na zo, no kurwanya ibibazo by’indwara zifata ubwonko n’imyakura, iz’umwijima, n’ibindi.
Ikigo gisabwa iki ngo cyemererwe gushyiraho no gutangira gukoresha ububiko bw’imibiri y’abantu?
Kugira ngo ikigo cyemererwe gushyiraho no gutangira gukoresha ububiko bw’imibiri y’abantu, ingingo, ingirangingo, uturemangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu bisaba ibintu bitandukanye.
Birimo kuba gifite umuyobozi w’ubwo bubiko w’umuganga wemewe ndetse ufite ubumenyi mu bijyanye no kwimura urugingo, ingirangingo, akaremangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu bishyirwa mu mubiri w’undi muntu.
Ubwo bubiko kandi buba bugomba bugira igitabo cyandikwamo abatanga, kirimo amakuru ari mu nyandiko nk’igaragaza imiterere iy’umubiri w’umuntu, iy’urugingo, iy’ingirangingo, n’iy’uturemangingo cyangwa iy’ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu byafashwe hakagaragazwa na nimero byahawe.
Ayo makuru kandi arimo aderesi na nimero ya telefone by’utanga (iyo bishoboka) n’izina ry’uwavanye mu mubiri w’umuntu urugingo, ingirangingo, uturemangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu n’itariki byavaniwe mu mubiri w’umuntu.
Ububiko kandi bwandika amakuru yerekeye ibirimo inyandiko y’ukwiyemerera k’utanga nyuma yo gusobanurirwa, bukandika inyandiko zijyanye no kuvana mu mubiri w’umuntu, kuwutwara no kwita ku mubiri w’umuntu, urugingo, ingirangingo, akaremangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu.
Ikigo gishyira mu kato kikanapima utanga indwara zandura.
Mu gupima harebwa niba utanga n’uhabwa bahuje (aho bishoboka), bikajyana no gushyiraho ikirango, kubika, kurekura no gukwirakwiza ingingo, ingirangingo, uturemangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu.
Ikindi ni uko hatangwa inyandiko zo kugenzura ubuziranenge.
Ubwo bubiko butanga raporo ya buri kwezi kuri Minisiteri, irimo umubare w’abatanga, ubwoko n’umubare w’ingingo, ingirangingo, uturemangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu byatanzwe.
Iyo raporo kandi iba irimo amazina na aderesi by’imiryango, ibigo cyangwa abantu bahawe ingingo, ingirangingo, uturemangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu.
Ibamo n’umubare w’ingingo, ingirangingo, uturemangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu byajugunywe n’impamvu byajugunywe.
Ubwo bubiko bufata ingamba za ngombwa zo gucunga ubuziranenge, hitabwa ku ngingo zitandukanye zirimo gushyiraho umukozi ushinzwe imicungire y’ubuziranenge.
Harimo kandi kubahiriza ibikubiye mu nyandiko zo gucunga ubuziranenge n’uburyo bwo gucunga umutekano w’ibikorwa.
Izo nyandiko zigaragaza uburyo busanzwe bw’imikorere n’impapuro zuzuzwa, raporo yo kwemeza uburyo bukurikizwa n’iyo kwemeza ibikoresho.
Zirimo kandi imfashanyigisho z’amahugurwa n’inyandiko zitanga ibisobanuro ku bintu, inyandiko z’abatanga, amakuru y’aho umubiri w’umuntu, ingingo, ingirangingo, uturemangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu bizoherezwa n’inyandiko z’ubugenzuzi.
Umubiri w’umuntu, ingingo, ingirangingo, uturemangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu bishyirwa mu kato kugeza ibisabwa ku makuru y’utanga, ibishingirwaho mu guhitamo n’ibisubizo by’ibizamini biteganyijwe mu nyandiko zigaragaza uburyo busanzwe bw’imikorere, byubahirijwe.
Iteka rya minisitiri kandi rigena ko ububiko bugira uburyo bukoreshwa mu kubika umubiri w’umuntu, ingingo, ingirangingo, uturemangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu bwanditse mu nyandiko zigaragaza uburyo busanzwe bw’imikorere.
Bugomba gutwika impagararizi zitakoreshejwe mu gusimbuza, iz’ubuvuzi cyangwa iz’ubuhanga hakurikijwe inyandiko zigaragaza uburyo busanzwe bw’imikorere.
Ikindi ububiko bukora ku buryo gushyiraho ikirango, gukora inyandiko no gupfunyika byubahiriza ibiteganywa n’inyandiko zigaragaza uburyo busanzwe bw’imikorere.
Harimo kandi ko ibirango biba bisobanutse, bihuje n’ukuri, bifite ishingiro kandi bitayobya.
Ikirango cy’ikintu gipfunyitsemo umubiri w’umuntu, ingingo, ingirangingo, uturemangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu kigomba kugira ibikigaragaza.
Birimo kode yihariye ifasha mu ikurikirana, itariki bizateraho agaciro, iyo ihari, uburyo bwemewe bwo kubibika, uburyo bwo kwica mikorobe bwakoreshejwe na bwo iyo buhari.
Icyo kirango kandi kigomba kugaragazwa n’imiti yakoreshejwe mu kubibungabunga n’uburyo bwo kubibungabunga, iyo bihari n’ingano y’ibibitswe n’imiterere yo kutarangwamo mikorobe.
Ububiko bukora ku buryo amakuru akomeza kuba ibanga igihe cyose, hakabaho ingamba z’umutekano w’amakuru, kurinda ko utabyemerewe agira icyo yongera, asiba cyangwa ahindura mu makuru ari ku ifishi y’utanga, kurinda ko habaho iyimurwa ry’amakuru ndetse hakorwa ibishoboka ngo ubuzima bwite bw’abatanga batamenyekana.
Ubwo bubiko bukora ku buryo ubuziranenge bw’umubiri w’umuntu, ingingo, ingirangingo, uturemangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu butabangamirwa mu gihe cyo kubikwirakwiza, harimo uruhererekane rwo kubungabunga igipimo cy’ubukonje.
Ibisabwa kugira ngo ububiko butangire gukoreshwa
Ikigo cyifuza kwandikisha ububiko gishyikiriza Minisante ubusabe bwacyo burimo ibaruwa isaba kwandikisha ububiko na dosiye isaba igaragaza umwirondoro wuzuye w’umuyobozi w’ikigo.
Iyo dosiye kandi igaragaza icyemezo cy’uko umuyobozi w’ikigo yakatiwe cyangwa atakatiwe n’inkiko, kopi y’indangamuntu cyangwa pasiporo bye na gahunda y’ibyo icyo kigo kizakora mu myaka itanu.
Ikigo cyifuza gukoresha ububiko gisaba Minisante uruhushya mu nyandiko.
Ikigo gisaba uruhushya kigaragaza umwirondoro w’ikigo gisaba gukoresha ububiko, kikagaragaza aho ikigo gikorera ibikorwa byacyo, uko inyandiko n’amakuru bibikwa, uburyo bwo gucunga ubuziranenge buzakoreshwa n’ibyangombwa by’umuyobozi w’ububiko.
Iki kigo kandi kigaragaza inyemezabwishyu y’ibihumbi 200 y’uruhushya rwo gukoresha ububiko ashyirwa mu kigega cya Leta.
Nyuma hagaragazwa kandi niba ububiko bukora nk’ikigo kiri ukwacyo cyangwa ari ishami ry’ikigo gifite izindi nshingano.
Bisaba iki ngo ikigo gisimbuze ingingo cyangwa ngo kizivane mu mubiri w’umuntu?
Nyuma yo gukora ubugenzuzi, Minisante iha ikigo gisimbuza uruhushya rwo gukora mbere yo guhabwa uruhushya rwo kuvana mu mubiri w’umuntu cyangwa gusimbuza.
Ikigo gisaba uruhushya rwo kuvana mu mubiri w’umuntu cyangwa gusimbuza gishyikiriza Minisante ibisabwa birimo, ibaruwa isaba uruhushya rwo kuvana mu mubiri w’umuntu cyangwa gusimbuza yandikirwa iyo minisiteri na none.
Icyo kigo gishyikiriza iyo minisiteri ibyangombwa by’abakozi bacyo birimo kopi y’impamyabumenyi iriho umukono wa noteri, iy’indangamuntu cyangwa pasiporo n’uruhushya rwo gukora umwuga wo kuvura kuri buri mukozi ukora umwuga wo kuvura.
Ibyo byangombwa birimo icyemezo cy’uko umuntu yakatiwe cyangwa atakatiwe n’inkiko, umwirondoro wa buri mukozi, icyemezo cy’imirimo yakozwe n’uruhushya rwo gukorera mu nyubako rutangwa n’Umujyi wa Kigali cyangwa Akarere gafite ubuzima gatozi.
Birimo inyemezabwishyu y’ibihumbi 500 Frw by’uruhushya rwo gukora, ashyirwa mu kigega cya Leta.
Iyo Minisante imaze kubibona isuzuma ubusabe bw’ikigo gisaba uruhushya rwo kuvana mu mubiri w’umuntu cyangwa gusimbuza mu gihe kitarenze iminsi 15 y’akazi, uhereye ku munsi yakiriyeho ubusabe kandi ikamenyesha uwasabye ko ubusabe bwuzuye cyangwa butuzuye.
Iyo ikigo gisaba cyujuje ibisabwa, Minisante igiha uruhushya mu gihe kitarenze iminsi 30 uhereye ku munsi usaba yujurijeho ubusabe bwe.
Iyo Minisante idatanze uruhushya imenyesha mu nyandiko usaba impamvu yo kwangirwa, ndetse iyo hashize igihe cy’amezi atandatu nyuma y’uko usaba uruhushya asabwe kuzuza dosiye ntiyubahirize ibisabwa, ubusabe buta agaciro.
Bisaba iki ngo hatumiza cyangwa hoherezwe ingingo mu mahanga?
Kugira ngo ikigo gitumize cyangwa cyohereze mu mahanga umubiri w’umuntu, ingingo, ingirangingo, uturemangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu, gisabwa kuba gifite uruhushya rutangwa na Minisante.
Ikigo cyemerewe gutumiza cyangwa kohereza mu mahanga gisaba uruhushya kuri buri gikorwa cyo gutumiza cyangwa kohereza mu mahanga umubiri w’umuntu, urugingo, ingirangingo, uturemangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu.
Icyakora urwo ruhushya ntirushobora guhererekanywa, kugurishwa cyangwa kuguranwa ku mpamvu iyo ari yo yose.
Ikigo cyemererwa gukora iyo mirimo iyo cyujuje ibisabwa.
Birimo kuba ari icy’ubuvuzi cyangwa icyigisha iby’ubuvuzi cyemewe, gifite ububiko n’inyubako zabugenewe zihuje n’ibipimo ngenderwaho ku rwego mpuzamahanga, no kuba gifite ubushobozi bwo gupima hagamijwe kwirinda indwara zandura.
Iki kigo kigomba kuba gifite abakozi bafite ubushobozi mu gucunga no kubika neza imibiri y’abantu, ingingo, ingirangingo, uturemangingo cyangwa ibikomoka mu mubiri w’umuntu no kugira ibikoresho bya ngombwa.
Gisabwa kandi kugira impapuro zigaragaza izo ngingo zizakoreshwa no gutanga mu nyandiko ibisobanuro byuzuye by’ubuzima bw’utanga.
Gisabwa gutanga mu nyandiko ibisobanuro birambuye ku buryo izo ngingo zifatwa kuva aho bikuwe kugeza aho bijyanywe.
Ikigo cyemewe gukora iyo mirimo kandi kigira igitabo gihujwe n’igihe cyandikwamo ibyatumijwe cyangwa ibyoherejwe mu mahanga.
Gisabwa kandi gupima indwara ziteganywa n’iri teka ibyoherezwa cyangwa ibitumizwa mu mahanga, kigatumiza mu bubiko bwemewe cyangwa cyohereza mu mahanga cyifashishije inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi zemewe.
Mu ndwara zipimwa harimo Virusi itera SIDA, Indwara y’umwijima yo mu bwoko bwa B, Iyo mu bwoko bwa C, Cytomegalovirus; Virusi yitiriwe Epstein-Barr, Mburugu, Igituntu na Diyabete.
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