Benshi mu banyarwanda bamaze kumenyera kwinjiza amafaranga atubutse ku mbuga nkoranyambaga gusa Leta y’u Rwanda yashizeho ingamba ko abantu bose binjiza ku mbuga nkoranyambaga bagiye kujya basoreshwa gusa biracyigwaho.
Ni amarenga yaciwe n’imwe mu ngingo zagaragaye mu mushinga w’itegeko rishyiraho imisoro ku musaruro wasabiwe kuvugururwa mu mpera za 2021, mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko. Uwo mushinga waratowe ariko nyuma Abadepite basanga harimo ibibazo, bawusubiza Guverinoma ngo ibyuho birimo bizibwe.
Muri uwo mushinga, hari ingingo ivuga ko “umusaruro ukomoka kuri serivisi zitanzwe mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga n’izitanzwe n’ibitangazamakuru bikorera kuri murandasi wongerewe mu mushinga w’itegeko nk’inkomoko nshya y’umusaruro usoreshwa”.
Uwo musoro mushya uzajya wakwa abinjiza babikuye muri “serivisi zamamaza kuri murandasi, gutanga amakuru akoreshwa, uburyo bw’ubushakashatsi kuri murandasi, serivisi zihuza ibiganiro kuri murandasi, amahuriro y’ibitangazamakuru bikorera kuri murandasi, serivisi zishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga, imikino y’amahirwe kuri murandasi, uburyo bwo gukoresha ihuzanzira z’ububiko bwo kuri murandasi cyangwa serivisi z’uburezi zemewe zitangwa kuri murandasi”.
Umwe mu bazi iby’uyu mushinga utifuje ko amazina ye atangazwa, yabwiye IGIHE ko kubera uburyo internet ikomeje guha benshi umurimo mu Rwanda, igihe cyari kigeze ngo ku byo binjiza batange umusoro nk’uko bigenda ku bandi.
Ati “Ese wowe ubona bidakenewe? Reba imbaraga Leta ishyira mu bikorwaremezo bigamije kugeza internet kuri bose, ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga n’ibindi. Igihe kirageze ngo ababyibaza umusaruro batange umusoro.”
Kuri ubu imbuga nkoranyambaga nka YouTube, ziri mu zitunze Abanyarwanda by’umwihariko urubyiruko bitewe n’ibiganiro bashyiraho, uko birebwe cyane bakishyurwa.
Ubu buryo kandi bukoreshwa n’izindi mbuga nkoranyambaga nka Facebook, Twitter, TikTok, Instagram n’izindi.
Ibigo byashinze izi mbuga nkoranyambaga nibyo bihemba abashyiraho ibiganiro cyangwa se ubundi butumwa butuma abakunzi babyo bakomeza gukurikira, gusa bikajyana no kwemerera ibyo bigo gucisha amatangazo yabyo yamamaza mu butumwa cyangwa ibiganiro byabo.
Muri Kanama umwaka ushize, YouTube yatangaje ko mu myaka itatu yari imaze kwishyura abayikoresha miliyari 30 z’amadolari.
Urugero nko mu Rwanda, hari abashyira ibiganiro kuri YouTube bashobora kwinjiza asaga miliyoni imwe utabariyemo imisoro ingana na 24 % babanza kwishyura, nk’uko bigenwa n’amategeko ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika aho Google ikomoka ari na yo nyiri YouTube.
Umunyamakuru Jean de Dieu Kalinijabo, ni umwe mu bakoresha YouTube kandi yinjiriza biturutse ku makuru n’ibiganiro atambutsa kuri Shene ye, Primo Media Rwanda. Yabwiye IGIHE ko kwishyura umusoro ntacyo bitwaye, gusa agasanga uwo musoro ukwiriye kubanzirizwa n’amategeko asobanura neza imikoreshereze y’imbuga nkoranyambaga.
Yagize ati “Nteketeza ko ari ryiza ariko rikwiriye kubanzirizwa n’andi mategeko ahubwo agenga imbuga nkoranyambaga. Nka YouTube abayikoraho baracyafite ikibazo cy’uko badashobora kwemerwa nk’abanyamakuru cyane cyane iyo ari umuntu utambutsa amakuru n’ibiganiro bya Politiki.”
“Hakwiriye kubanza gutandukanywa abakoresha izi mbuga nkoranyambaga mu buryo bwa kinyamwuga n’abazikoresha mu buryo butari kinyamwuga. Abazikoresha kinyamwuga zikandikwa kandi zikemerwa, abayobozi bo mu nzego zitandukanye bakaba bazizi nk’ibitangazamakuru kuko ziri kwigarurira abantu benshi.”
Abinjiriza kuri YouTube badatuye muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, mbere yo kwishyurwa iyo sosiyete ibanza gukuraho umusoro ufatirwa (Withhold Tax) ungana na 24 % y’ayo binjije.
Google ivuga ko ifatira uyu musoro nk’uko biri mu mategeko agenga imisoro muri Amerika, kandi nyuma yo kuwufatira ibimenyesha ikigo gishinzwe imisoro muri Amerika.
Bitandukanye n’umuntu ukoresha YouTube ariko ari muri Amerika kuko we nta musoro asabwa iyo yamenyekanishije amakuru amwerekeyeho ajyanye n’uburyo yishyura imisoro.
Umwe mu bazi neza iby’uyu mushinga w’itegeko uri kwigwaho mu Rwanda, avuga ko hasigaye hari abantu benshi binjiriza kuri Internet ku buryo ari andi mahirwe akwiriye kubyazwa umusaruro.
Ati “Kuri ubu uzasanga abantu bafite inzu zabo bakodesha nka za hoteli bifashishije ziriya mbuga nka Airbnb. Ni umuntu usanga afite abakiliya ba buri gihe ariko arinjiza ntasoreshwa. Ni gute se ufite hoteli yasora, ucuruza atyo we ntasore? Ni ibintu nubwo bigoye bikwiriye kuganirwaho.”
Umuyobozi w’Ishyirahamwe ry’Ibigo by’Imari iciriritse Bikorera mu Rwanda (AMIR), Nkuranga Aimable, yabwiye IGIHE ko gusoresha abungukira ku mbuga nkoranyambaga byumvikana nubwo bikwiriye kwiganwa ubushishozi.
Ati “Hakwiye kuzirikanwa ko benshi aya mafaranga babonera mu mbuga nkoranyambaga, cyane cyane ayo bishyurwa n’izo mbuga ubwazo, abageraho yamaze kwishyura imisoro yo mu bihugu bindi aho izo mbuga zifite icyicaro gikuru.”
“Niba ari umuntu ubonye amafaranga aturutse ku mashusho yashyize kuri YouTube, ayo mafaranga azajya kumugeraho habanje kuvamo imisoro ya Leta Zunze ubumwe za Amerika. Mu gushyiraho itegeko, abayobozi bakwiye kureba uko amasezerano asanzweho hagati y’ibihugu bitandukanye yubahirizwa ku buryo umuntu adasoreshwa kabiri.”
Ibihugu bifitanye amasezerano ku bijyanye n’imisoro, inyungu umuturage w’igihugu kimwe yaboneye mu kindi ntabwo iyo ageze iwabo yongera gusoreshwa.
Nkuranga yavuze ko gusoresha abungukira ku mbuga nkoranyambaga bikwiriye no kujyana no “kubafasha kunoza ibyo bakora nk’uko mu bindi byiciro by’imirimo habaho izo gahunda zo kubaka ubushobozi bw’ababikoreramo. Hakanabaho uburyo bworohereza abo bazikoresha kugera ku makuru bakeneye kugira ngo hatarebwa gusa uruhande rw’amafaranga y’umusoro, kandi wenda nta kindi bafashijwe.”
Inyigo yakozwe n’Ikigo Interactive Advertising Bureau (IAB) ku bufatanye na Harvard Business School, yagaragaje ko ubucuruzi n’imirimo byo kuri Internet bifite uruhare mu iterambere ry’ibihugu. Urugero, internet yinjiza 12 % ku musaruro mbumbe wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
Nko mu 2020, Internet yinjirije Amerika miliyari zisaga 2000 z’amadolari, zivuye kuri miliyari 300 byari biriho mu 2008.
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