In this photo provided by the University of Maryland School of Medicine, David Bennett Jr., right, stands next to his father's hospital bed in Baltimore, Md., on Jan. 12, 2022, five days after doctors transplanted a pig heart into Bennett Sr., in a last-ditch effort to save his life. Bennett, the first person to receive a heart transplant from a pig died Tuesday, March 8, at the University of Maryland Medical Center, two months after the groundbreaking experiment. His death was announced Wednesday.(University of Maryland School of Medicine via AP)
Umuyobozi muri Minisiteri y’Ubuzima ushinzwe Ikoranabuhanga, Sylvère Mugumya, yibukije abakora mu rwego rw’ubuzima nk’abaganga n’abandi, ko bashyiriweho itegeko ririmo ibihano byabageza no ku gifungo mu gihe baba batabitse neza amakuru y’umurwayi cyangwa undi wese uri mu rwego rw’ubuzima.
Ni ibikubiye mu butumwa yatangiye mu nama yabereye mu Mujyi wa Kigali kuri uyu wa 26 Werurwe 2024, yigaga uko u Rwanda rwafatanya n’ibindi bihugu mu kubaka ikoranabuhanga ribika amakuru y’umurwayi cyangwa undi wese wo mu rwego rw’ubuzima.
Ni inama yateguwe n’Ishyirahamwe ribarizwamo abakora iby’ikoranabuhanga mu rwego rw’ubuzima mu Rwanda (RHIA), ku bufatanye n’Ikigo cy’Ikoranabuhanga mu rwego rw’ubuzima muri Afurika (Health Information in Africa-HELINA), n’Ikigo Transform Health.
Umuyobozi muri Minisiteri y’Ubuzima ushinzwe Ikoranabuhanga akaba n’Umuyobozi wa RHIA, Sylvère Mugumya, yibukije ko abaganga n’abandi bo mu rwego rw’ubuzima badakwiye kwirengagiza ko kutabika neza amakuru y’umuntu ku giti cye nk’umurwayi cyangwa undi wese, bihanirwa n’amategeko.
Ati ‘‘Abantu duha amakuru yaba abaganga, yaba abajyanama b’ubuzima, yaba kwa muganga aho tujya mu mavuriro atandukanye, bumve ko bafite izo nshingano zo kubika amakuru y’umurwayi ku buryo bw’ibanga. Tujya tubibona ahantu hatandukanye, aho ushobora kubona umuntu ushinzwe gukoropa cyangwa ushinzwe gukora isuku, bamutumye dosiye y’umurwayi.’’
‘‘Turagira ngo tubwire abantu bagikora ibyo ko itegeko rihari kandi ryatangiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu kwezi kwa 10 k’umwaka ushize, bivuga ngo ubu ushibora no guhanwa. Biramutse bibaye ko amakuru y’umurwayi abonwa n’utari muganga umuvura ubufitiye uburenganzira, uwo murwayi ashoboye kubimenya yemerewe kuba yakujyana mu nkiko. Harimo ibihano bitandukanye, harimo amande, ariko harimo n’ibihano bigera ku gifungo.’’
Mugumya asobanura impamvu nyamukuru yo kuganira ku ishyirwaho ry’ikoranabuhanga ribika amakuru y’umurwayi mu buryo bumwe mu bihugu byose, yavuze ko ari muri gahunda yo guha umurwayi umutekano ku buryo yakwivuriza mu kindi gihugu bitewe no kutizera icyo amakuru ye yazakoreshwa nyuma.
Mu Rwanda, itegeko rishya ryo kurinda amakuru n’imibereho bwite by’umuntu ryasohotse mu igazeti ya Leta ku wa 15 Ukwakira 2021.
Iri tegeko risobanura ko amakuru bwite ari ayerekeye umuntu ku giti cye uzwi cyangwa ushobora kumenyekana hashingiwe ku kimuranga nk’izina, aho aherereye cyangwa hashingiwe ku kintu kimwe cyangwa byinshi byihariye biranga imiterere y’umubiri we, imitekerereze ye, inkomoko ye, ubuzima bwe bwo mu mutwe, ubukungu, umuco cyangwa imibereho y’uwo muntu ku giti cye.
Ni mu gihe amakuru bwite y’ibanga ari agaragaza isanomuzi y’umuntu, uko ubuzima bwe buhagaze, ko yafunzwe cyangwa atafunzwe, dosiye ye yo kwa muganga, inkomoko ye mu muryango n’imyemerere ye ishingiye ku idini cyangwa ku mitekerereze.
Nk’ingingo ya 56 y’iri tegeko hari aho ivuga ko umuntu ubona, ukusanya, ukoresha, utanga, uhanahana, uhererekanya cyangwa utangaza amakuru bwite mu buryo bunyuranyije n’iri tegeko, aba akoze icyaha.
Iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko, ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’umwaka umwe ariko kitarenze imyaka itatu, n’ihazabu y’ amafaranga y’u Rwanda atari munsi ya miliyoni 7Frw ariko atarenze miliyoni 10 Frw cyangwa kimwe muri ibyo bihano.
Mu Rwanda, iyi nama yitabiriwe n’inzobere mu by’ikoranabuhanga zaturutse mu nzego zitandukanye nko mu Nteko Ishingamategeko mu Rwanda, mu Kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ikoranabuhanga mu Itumanaho n’Isakazabumenyi (RISA), Inzobere mu by’Umutekano w’Ikoranabuhanga (cyber security), Kaminuza y’u Rwanda (UR), Urugaga rwa Farumasi zikorera mu Rwanda n’abandi.
Nnenna Nwakanma wahagarariye Ikigo Transform Health, yavuze ko mu gihe Isi iri kwinjira cyane mu gukoresha ikoranabuhanga by’umwihariko ubwenge bw’ubukorano (AI), n’abo mu rwego rw’ubuvuzi badakwiye gusigara inyuma mu kuribyaza umusaruro cyane cyane mu kubika neza amakuru y’abarwayi.
Yanavuze ko yizeye uruhare rw’u Rwanda mu gushyira mu ngiro ibikubiye mu mategeko azaba agenga iryo koranabuhanga, kuko ari igihugu kimaze kubaka izina ku Isi mu kubahiriza amategeko.
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