Abahanga mu bijyanye n’imikorere y’indege bemeza ko ubutumburuke idashobora kurenga iguruka (service ceiling) buri hagati ya kilometero 12 na 13 ku ndege z’ubucuruzi (commercial plane); mu gihe ku zitwara abantu ku giti cyabo (private jet) zishobora gutumbagira zikagera nibura kuri kilometero 15.
Indege za Concorde ni zo zonyine z’ubucuruzi zabashaga kuguruka zikagera ku butumburuke bwa kilometero 18. Izi zaje guhagarika imirimo mu 2003 kubera ko abagenzi bari bakomeje kuba iyanga n’igiciro gihanitse cyo kuzisana.
Ikinyuranyo ku butumburuke indege igurukiramo gishingira ahanini ku mpamvu zirimo uburemere bwayo, uko ikirere cyifashe, ibyo abapilote bakenera, icyerekezo cyayo, n’amabwiriza y’abakozi bo ku kibuga cy’indege bashinzwe gufasha abapilote (Air Traffic Controllers).
Buri ndege hari ubutumburuke igenewe kutarengamo. Nk’urugero Boeing 757 ishobora kugera mu butumburuke bwa kilometero 12,8, Boeing 767 ikaba yagera muri kilometero 13,1, mu gihe Boeing zo mu bwoko bwa 747-400 zishobora kugera muri kilometero 13.7.
Abapilote baba babizi neza mbere yo gutangira urugendo, kandi bagomba kubyubahiriza.
Mu gihe batabyubahirije, indege ishobora kugira ibibazo birimo kuba bimwe mu bice byayo byakwangirika, cyangwa ikabura umuyaga uhagije uyishoboza kuguruka bikayiviramo guhanuka mu kirere.
Imikorere ya moteri y’indege ikenera umwuka wa Oxygène. Uko ijya mu butumburuke bwisumbuye, ni ko igenda igera ahatabasha kuboneka uwo mwuka. Ibi bihita biteza ikibazo cya moteri ntikore uko bisabwa.
Uko kubura kwa Oxygène ihagije ntibigarukira kuri moteri gusa, kuko abagenzi n’abapilote bari mu ndege nabo baba bayikeneye ngo babashe guhumeka.
Kugera mu butumburuke batabasha kubona Oxygène ihagije, bishobobora guteza ikibazo cy’impfu ziturutse kuri uko kubura umwuka bahumeka cyangwa abapilote n’abagenzi bagatakaza ubushobozi bwo gutekereza neza, ibizwi nka ‘hypoxia’.
Indege yarengeje ubutumburuke yagenewe kugurukiramo, ihagiriye ikibazo bikaba ngombwa ko ikenera kumanuka bitunguranye, byayigora cyane ku buryo kuba yagera hasi mu buryo butekanye biba bihabwa amahirwe make cyane.
Kugeza ubu agahigo ko kugurukira mu butumburuke bwa kure gafitwe n’indege ya Lockheed SR-71 bamwe bahimbaga “Blackbird” abandi bakayita “Hebu”. Iyi yashoboraga kugera muri kilometero 25,9.
Ubwoko bw’izi ndege zakoreshwaga n’igisirikare cya Leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika mu butasi, bwaretse gukoreshwa mu myaka ya 1990 kubera ingengo y’imari yari yabaye nkeya kandi ikiguzi cyo kuzikoresha kiri hejuru.
About The Author
